The “Corano di Maometto”, a Qur’ānic Partial Traduction in Italian Language from the “Biblioteca Universale” Sonzogno

Studies on the translation of Islam's holy text have collected and analysed translations tracing a historical path of the translation of the Qur’ān from Arabic into Italian. Among all the numerous translations usually listed, there is one that seems to have been forgotten. A small partial version of the Qur’ān was published in a small volume as part of the “Biblioteca Universale”series published by the Milanese publishing house Sonzogno between 1873 and 1932. The small volume, published in 1912 and anonymous in both preface and translation, is a selection of verses from all the Suras of the Qur’ān. The small volume similarly to other versions (1882, 1912, 1913, 1914) claims to be the first translation from Arabic into Italian, and knowing that only the last of these (Fracassi, 1914) is a true translation from Arabic, it might indeed seem that the translation of the Qur’ān published by Sonzogno is the first of the 20th century. In this paper, a comparison of the contemporary translations was proposed, which showed in general that there was no translation from the Arabic text but only a paraphrase of Panzeri's version (1882), republished in 1912 by Bruciati in Milan, which in turn is not taken from the original text but from Savary's French one (and, perhaps also for this reason, is anonymous). Some verses seem to be taken instead from Branchi's version (1913). In support of this thesis are the deviations and translation errors that remain in the Sonzogno version, testifying to an operation of paraphrasing existing material already translated without an in-depth knowledge of Arabic. From the comparison it appears that the two French versions by Savary and Kasimirski, mediated by the Italian versions by Panzeri and Branchi to a lesser extent, constitute the "selection" in the Sonzogno Qur’ān both in terms of preface and translation, titles and the few notes present, which seem in all likelihood to be related in the beginning to Marracci's Alcorani. This version, although partial, had the merit of bringing the sacred text of Islam to the knowledge of many Italians, something not taken for granted in early 20th century Italy. A more recondite and unintended merit is that of condensing a sort of history of previous translations of the Qur’ān into a few pages. However, the 'choice not to choose' translation has inevitably reported a colonial view of the Qur’ān ic message, which considers Islam as an unaccepted and little studied religion.